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When Franklin Roosevelt entered office in March 4, 1933, United States was in its worst recession, in its history. Twenty five percent of the work force was unemployed. Almost two million people citizens of the United States were homeless. In 1929, the industrial production had fallen by more than half. The prices of farm products had fallen by 60% putting farmers in deep trouble. Roosevelt blamed the economic crisis on financiers and bankers, due to their quest for profit and the personal attention of capitalism. Isolationism from world organizations in, American, foreign policy, had dominated widely in the United States in the 1919 (Jenkins & Neustadt 41).
Gerald Nye, who was a senator in early to mid 1930s, bolstered the isolationist movement, with others they succeeded to prevent United States from selling arms abroad. Wall Street crash In October 1929 was the first indicator of the massive depression which then spread worldwide. When the market crashed it marked the beginning of unemployment, poverty, low farm incomes, low profits, deflation and lack of personal development and economic development. The net effect was a sudden loss of trust and confidence in the future economy. This was blamed on high consumer debt, lack of high-growth of different industries, lowered productivity and weak regulated markets that allowed overoptimistic loans by investors and banks (Polenburg 59).
During this period, construction and agriculture industries suffered the most. Franklin provided the New Deal passed in 1935. The projects provided jobs to writers’ musicians’ authors and the laborers. Neutrality act was evident before the leadership of Franklin, where the president was denied the discretion to allow the sale of arms to victims of aggression. The failure of banks had begun in 1930, after the market crash, after the farmers defaulted on loans. During this time, no federal deposit insurance existed due to bank failures. People started to withdraw money, changing it into circulation due to fear of losing their savings (Polenburg 18).
The first 100 days can be defined as a special meeting of congress from 1933, March 9th to June 16th the same year that President Roosevelt called for and, in which, a significant legislation became enacted. Simply put, the “First 100 days” refer to the initial assessment that new American presidents undergo as they come up with policies to address serious public concerns. All new American Presidents, in the eve of their first hundred days, try to use the energy from their successful campaign to at least begin implementing the principal promises and programs that come from their debates and primaries (McElvaine 27).
In I933, President Roosevelt had an easy time in coming up with the priorities as the principal goal was to deal with the economic depression. This he successfully managed during the "first hundred days”, as president. In 1933, March 4th, on his first day at work he called for a special meeting. In this meeting, he drove a number of serious through congress that reformed the American agriculture, U.S banking industry and allowed for a recovery of industries (Fraser & Gary 48).
At that same time, President Roosevelt exercised his executive order and created the Tennessee Valley Authority, the administration of Public works and Civilian Conservation Corps. As a result, of these enactments, thousands of Americans went back to work and started building highways, bridges and dams, bridge and the needed systems of public utility. At the time, the Congress was adjourning the special meeting in 1933, on June 16th the Agenda of Roosevelt; the “New Deal” was already in place. Although the economy of America was still staggering, America was back in the fight. Although all the New Deal agenda did not work, Americans still assess the initial performance of all their new presidents using the "First Hundred Days." Of Franklin Roosevelt as the standard (Fraser & Gary 73).
In 1935, the second new deal program referred to as the WPA (Works Progress Administration) was introduced. This program provided relief for almost one third of the jobless Americans by employing these people. The Appropriation of Emergency Relief distributed approximately $5 million to aid the troubled population. The Act of Public Utilities Holding Company that disintegrated the 13 companies that employed monopoly of controlling a lot of the utilities of the nation cut down the prices of electricity. The Act of Rural Electrification provided funds from the government to provide electricity to farmstead and hamlets. Additionally, the act of Wealth Tax raised taxes for the rich and corporations. All these laws together made use of corporate wealth, while at the same time improved the incomes of the Americans in dire poverty (McElvaine, 34).
It was responsible for the building major infrastructure projects in the United States. One of the most notable infrastructures that were built during this era was the LaGuardia airport. It is critical to understand that indeed there are other governmental organization that existed that also provided work to the people after the depression, and they include the Civilian Conservation Corps and the public works Administration. However, none of these programs were as huge and extensive as the Work progress administration. This is because it ultimately employed millions of Americans that could otherwise not have been able to work.
In 1939, the WPA was renamed as the Administration of Work Projects, and it became extremely devoted to defense work. In the late 1941, forty percent of the workers of WPA had received employment in the projects of defense. However, after the U.S took part in the Second World War, military service and war work reduced unemployment drastically and, in 1943 June 30th, the WPA was disbanded (Fraser & Gary 22).
The WPA together with the other programs of New Deal met significant opposition in congress from conservatives. In 1939, the Committee of Dies headed by Martin Dies, the Congressman from Texas, investigated supposed influence from communist on the agency. The prime focus was on the project of Federal Theater, which received termination that year. Additionally, a large but loosely allied group of opponents of New Deal, referred to as Old Right included newspaper editors, writers, intellectuals, politicians, and conservatives, both Republicans and Democrats (McElvaine 44).
The Works Progress Administration was instrumental as it employed over 8.5 million people for an average salary of about $41.57 per month. The WPA employees were instrumental in the building of public buildings, airports, roads, bridges and public parks. It is critical to understand that under the direction of one Harry Hopkins who was an ex-social worker, the WPA was able to spend more than $11 million in employment relief before it was eventually cancelled in the year 1943 (McElvaine 93). It is critical to recognize that indeed the work relief program was more expensive as compared to than the direct relief payments. However, it was able to create a great deal of infrastructure in the United States. There was also a saying that went round that argued that ‘give a man a dollar, and you save his body and destroy his spirit. However, give him a job and you save both his body and spirit.’
The Work Progress Administration was able to employ more men as compared to women. It is of the essence to understand that only 13.5% of the Work Progress Administration employees were women its peak in 1938. Initially in the program, there was a decision that had been made to pay women the same wages as those that were being paid to men, however, in practice, they were consigned to lower paying activities such as caring for the elderly, bookbinding, recreation work and nursery school. However, women that were in the professional division were treated equally with men. This was especially in the fields of federal art, writer’s projects, theatre and music.
The WPA was able to support tens of thousands of artists and this fund was able to create over 2,566 murals as well as 17,744 pieces of sculpture which was used to decorate public buildings. I believe the concept of public art was important especially in terms of ensuring the spirits of Americans were raised during this time of great anguish (Polenberg 47). Art has been known to uplift the soul and the art, theatre, music and recreational work was critical in ensuring that Americans had something to cling on. Public art increased dramatically and more art was available to Americans as compared to ever before. It is further of the essence to understand that the WPA programs were instrumental in the creation of the National Foundation for the Arts.
Works Cited
Fraser, S. & Gary G. The Rise and Fall of the New Deal Order. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton Univ. Press. 2009. Print
Jenkins, R., & Neustadt, R. E. Franklin Delano Roosevelt. New York: Times Books. 2009. Print
McElvaine, R. S. The Depression and New Deal: A History in Documents. New York: Oxford University Press. 2010. Print.
Polenberg, R. The Era of Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1933-1945: A Brief History with Documents. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's. 2010. Print.
Abstract
Many businesses today have gone global, that is, they have realized the need to operate in the international markets by producing products that are flexible and adaptive to consumers across the globe. Despite the expansion to the international markets, challenges are not to be ignored in such business operations. For example, an organization must be equipped with a competent workforce that can produce the quality products to remain competitive in the market. Obtaining such kinds of workforce requires concise and cautious recruitment process. A competent workforce will also assist the organization with proper management skills required to enhance efficiency and effectiveness in the market.
THE RIGHT EMPLOYEE: The Role of the Right Employee in the Success of International Production and New Employee Hiring
Introduction
The International production calls for business organizations to design a proper human resource system and programs that enable them compete effectively in the external markets. Employees should receive a proper education, training and development on the internal and external business operations. The competence of an organization can be enhanced by proper recruitment process that enable the organization obtain the required and best workforce (Truitt, 2011). A competent and the right employee will work in agreement with the organization’s norms, vision, values, and mission. Also, a competent workforce will enable an organization to produce quality goods and services that meet the customers’ expectations (Agg-net.com, 2015). The purpose of this paper is to discuss the how the acquisition of the right employees can have a positive effect on the success of the international production of an organization. Moreover, it will address the actions to be taken into consideration when hiring a new employee. The study will apply primary data collection through interviews with different managers of different organizations on their views about the right workforce. The findings of this paper will assist organizations worldwide realize the need for hiring the right employee and how to hire a new worker in their organizations. By accessing this paper, business firms can understand the relationship between the competent management and competitiveness in the market.
Background and significance
The type of work environment plays a vital role in promoting the productivity and performance of the employees. It also has a direct impact on the overall performance of the organization. Work environments should be designed in such a way that employees are comfortable and inspired to partake their duties for the achievement of the organizational goals. It must provide ethical codes of conducts that shape all employees to work ethically towards a common goal. The conditions such as the working hour, breaks, and some short duration to permit interactions in the workplace will increase the morale of employees to put full potential in their duties. Moreover, any position that an employee should be influential in the whole organization (Harvard Business Review, 2008). This means that the subordinate staff should be included in the strategic decision making. There should also be a proper feedback channel that is efficient to promote flexibility in decision making.
Review of literature
The success of international production
The success in the international production encompasses a wide range of business practices. Thus, when a business is successful in the international markets, it means that it performs in whole round business processes such as in marketing its products, offering quality and safe products, attaining a significant market share and efficiently and effectively competing magnificently in the market (Entrepreneur, 2005). A proper marketing activity is a subset of a successful international production. One manager from a textile company in Chicago interviewed noted that when an organization can develop proper marketing mix and strategic marketing plans, its products will always sell in the markets (Truitt, 2011). Also, proper marketing research about consumers that is accurate will enable an organization to perform well in the market. Therefore, an accurate prediction of the most likely market situation means a successful international production. On the other hand, production of quality and safe products that meet the customers’ expectations is also an element of international production success. An effective organization that produces products as specified or expected by the consumers will attract many customers and improve their loyalty (Truitt, 2011).
Moreover, an organization that releases product to the market that meet all the aspects of conformance and performance criteria such as attractiveness and usability will be considered successful in the market because its sales level will be heightened (Harvard Business Review, 2008). Subsequently, a successful international production means that an organization has a large market share its marketplace. A marketing manager for one of the healthcare systems in New Yolk explained that the large market share means that the organization possesses a large percentage of the total customers present in that particular market. The advantage of this is that the firm can introduce its new product successfully in that market (Truitt, 2011). Further, the sales revenues will probably maintain high for longer periods. Proper marketing growth strategies are also set out clearly enabling the organization to grow and develop in aspects such as size and resources. Finally, a successful international production entails efficiency and flexibility of an organization to compete with its rivals in the market. An organization that performs well in the market has viable and practical tactics developed to enhance efficiency and effectiveness in responding to the actions of the competitors (Harvard Business Review, 2008). An operations manager from one of the largest service companies in the United States described that the organization enhances efficiency in its operational processes such as labor costs, production costs, and developing efficient layout designs that allow it adjust promptly to changes in the market and respond to competitors’ actions. Moreover, the organization is successful in the international production when it can develop flexible product and service designs that enable it to modify its goods and services in response to changes in the customers’ tastes and preferences.
How acquiring the right employee enhances the international production success
Acquiring the right employee means that an organization chooses the best employees that fit its goals and objectives and who are competent enough to improve the organizational performance. Also, the right employee has the necessary skills for the tasks to be accomplished. It, therefore, means that the employee is satisfied with the job that will be assigned to him or her. The job satisfaction is an element that increases the morale of the worker and is most likely to achieve the set standards (Agg-net.com, 2015). Five managers interviewed from the field of manufacturing in Ohio showed that the employee job satisfaction and constant morale at work enables an organization to retain the employees and prevent their turnover. As a result, the employee’s skills and services are assured for a long term for the accomplishment of the success in the international production. Essentially, the right employee has the required skill, knowledge, and experience to perform a job. This increases his or her performance and developing viable operational goals, efficient production of quality product and handling the customers cordially (Entrepreneur, 2005). Achieving these variables is an element of international production success. Furthermore, the right employee has the right skills in terms of international markets, possesses proper communication skills to encounter the language difference between countries and has an understanding of the culture and norms of different regions. The achievement of these elements improves the performance of an organization in the internal markets or nations by operating according to each value of every country and understanding its business environment. These contribute to its success in the global production strategy.
Furthermore, the right employee has a direct impact on the overall staff productivity. The right employee will share knowledge during their team work sessions and come up with a reasonable solution to a given problem in the organization. Sharing knowledge will boost the skills and performance of every staff member thereby improving the overall staff productivity (Harvard Business Review, 2008). This contributes to the international production of the organization as the management will come up with the viable solutions to obstacles to achievement of the set goals. Also, the right employee improves the business efficiency in the organization. A manager from an electrical company in Alaska noted that the employee understands the concept of efficiency and minimization of the operations cost, and therefore, works towards the achievement of efficiency by utilizing their internal expertise in the organization (Monster Hiring Resource Center, 2015). This further contributes to the overall efficiency of the organization in the international markets. Besides, the right employee acquisition will contribute to the success of the international production by ensuring the supplier deliver quality supplies to the organization. The right employee has the skills and expertise in activities such as supplier evaluation and selection and other procurement procedures. These skills enable the organization to obtain quality raw materials for the production of products from the best suppliers the market. The resultant effect is that the organization can produce quality product that are fairly priced to the customers (Infoentrepreneurs.org, 2015). As a result, the organization can achieve increased sales revenues and profits, a success in the international production.
Subsequently, customers are an integral part of any organization. Also, one way of enhancing the success of an organization is by treating customers with respect and providing them with quality service. The right employee exhibits all the skills such as kindness, polite, respectful and faithful relationship with the customers. This enhances customer satisfaction thereby enabling an organization to achieve success in the international production (Infoentrepreneurs.org, 2015). Moreover, the right employee can provide the organization with intellectual property in the international market. The employee can act as a consultant to other organization under the name of the parent organization. The intellectual property and consultancy service provided to the external parties act as sources of revenues to the organization (Monster Hiring Resource Center, 2015). The organization can, therefore, invest the revenues obtained in other activities that contribute to its growth and expansion in the market. Also, the organization can attain market leader with the extraordinary expansion and market share.
Discussion, implication, and recommendation
The right employee contributes to the success of the international production by providing proper and impressive customer service skills and increasing the efficiency of a firm. This implies that the right employee is one who has adequate and needed skills in the proper treatment of the customers and handling their issues and concerns in an acceptable manner. This will further contribute to the success of an organization’s operations in the international locations. Moreover, the right employee has the potential to enhance the overall productivity of the management staff. This implies that the right employee is free and open to discussion ad sharing of ideas in the organization. This also contributes to the improved productivity, competence and performance of the overall staff of an organization. The impact is that the organization will replicate the productivity of the staff and achieve success in the international production.
Recommendation on hiring a new employee
When hiring a new employee, the human resource managers in conjunction with other recruitment staff should ensure that the person they want to hire is informed about the favorable conditions of the workplace. This includes elements such as a positive working environment, talking about the positive company’s reputation, the likelihood of promotion and advancement and a chance of equity. Moreover, another consideration is the potential candidate should be guaranteed of his contribution to the organization’s mission and goals. The person should be assured that his opinions and views will be considered meaningful in the achievement of the organization’s goals and objectives (Monster Hiring Resource Center, 2015). Finally, during the hiring process, the advertisement on the position should be placed on the right platforms. The organization should familiarize with the best places to advertise its vacant position that will able it obtain the right potential candidates. Other considerations include whether the candidate is a team player, resourceful manager, can admit his or her faults, accepts life-long learning, and enthusiastic about relationships and other people around her in the workplace (Entrepreneur, 2005). The portrayal of these considerations gives a potential candidate a chance to be elected for a particle position in an organization.
Reference
Agg-net.com,. (2015). Competent Workforce | Agg-Net. Retrieved 22 October 2015, from http://www.agg-net.com/resources/articles/competent-workforce
Entrepreneur,. (2005). Hiring and Orienting a New Employee. Retrieved 22 October 2015, from http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/80126
Harvard Business Review,. (2008). The Four Things a Service Business Must Get Right. Retrieved 22 October 2015, from https://hbr.org/2008/04/the-four-things-a-service-business-must-get-right
Infoentrepreneurs.org,. (2015). Importance of knowledge to a growing business. Retrieved 22 October 2015, from http://www.infoentrepreneurs.org/en/guides/importance-of-knowledge-to-a-...
Monster Hiring Resource Center,. (2015). Ten Tips to Hire the Right Candidate | Monster.com. Retrieved 22 October 2015, from http://hiring.monster.com/hr/hr-best-practices/recruiting-hiring-advice/...
Truitt, D. (2011). The Effect of Training and Development on Employee Attitude as it Relates to Training and Work Proficiency. SAGE Open, 1(3). http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244011433338
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